As Spain digitizes nearly all public services, the digital certificate (certificado digital) has become an essential tool for residents—especially foreigners managing immigration, taxes, healthcare, and legal paperwork.
This guide explains what the digital certificate is, how to get it, and why you should apply for one now.
💡 What Is a Digital Certificate?
A certificado digital is a secure digital ID issued by Spain’s FNMT (Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre). It allows you to identify yourself and sign documents online with full legal validity.
Think of it as your online passport to interact with Spanish government portals.
🛠️ What You Can Do with It
Having a digital certificate allows you to:
✅ Apply for or renew your residency/NIE/TIE
✅ File Modelo 210 or 100 tax returns
✅ Register or update your empadronamiento
✅ Check your social security contributions
✅ Download criminal record certificates
✅ Sign digital contracts or legal documents
✅ Submit documents to the DGT, Hacienda, Seguridad Social, SEPE, or Immigration Office
🔒 Without a certificado digital, you’ll need to rely on in-person appointments or third-party help for every step.
🧑💻 How to Get a Digital Certificate in Spain
There are 3 main steps:
1. 🖥 Request the Certificate Online
Go to the FNMT website:
🔗 https://www.sede.fnmt.gob.es/certificados/persona-fisica
Fill in:
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Your full name
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Email
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Your NIE or DNI
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Choose your identification method
After submitting, you’ll receive a Request Code by email. Save this.
2. 🏢 Verify Your Identity in Person
Book an appointment at:
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Tax Office (Agencia Tributaria)
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City Hall (Ayuntamiento)
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Social Security Office (Seguridad Social)
Bring:
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Your passport/NIE/TIE
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The Request Code
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Optional: Empadronamiento or proof of address
They will verify your identity and validate your application.
3. 💾 Download and Install Your Certificate
After verification, return to the FNMT site using the same computer and browser.
Follow the link:
🔗 “Descargar certificado”
⚠️ Important: The entire process must be done on one device, using the same browser and user profile.
The certificate is installed in your browser and can also be exported to other devices.
🔄 Renewing or Revoking Your Certificate
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It’s valid for 4 years
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You can renew online before expiration (if not expired)
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If your data changes (name, NIE, etc.), you may need a new application
📱 Cl@ve PIN: An Alternative?
Yes. Cl@ve PIN or Cl@ve Permanente is an alternative login method. It’s easier to set up but less powerful than a digital certificate.
Best for:
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Accessing social security
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Checking tax notifications
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Applying for SEPE benefits
But Cl@ve can’t be used for all processes that require a certified signature.
🧑💼 How Borderless Lawyers Can Help
Our tech-savvy legal team makes it easy for foreigners to get a digital certificate, even if you’re not fluent in Spanish.
We can:
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Book and accompany you to identity verification appointments
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Help you install and backup your certificate
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Use Power of Attorney to request and manage certificates on your behalf